Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) can form a stable discharge in atmospheric air environment, the industrial application is more extensive. The discharge process of the Coaxial structure electrode is more complicated, therefore, it is necessary to characterize the discharge characteristics by studying the various parameters of the discharge process, thus,we get its discharge mechanism. Through experimental research and result analysis, the discharge characteristics of the dielectric barrier discharge of the coaxial structure electrode were analyzed from the aspects of charge transfer, discharge power and air gap voltage variation, we that at the open atmospheric pressure, the discharge power and discharge charge of the dielectric barrier discharge of coaxial structure electrode are different, the discharge power from several watts to more than ten watts. The dielectric capacitance is hundreds pF and the air gap capacitance is tens pF, and both increase with increasing voltage; In the discharge process, during the discharge process, the values of the dielectric capacitance and the air gap capacitance of the tube-tube structure electrode are greater than that of the ray-tube structure.