基于材料创新与混合系统优化的超级电容器在电网调频中的应用综述

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摘要随着具有间歇性、波动性的可再生能源系统（RES）并网,可快速响应和灵活调节的超级电容器（SCs）在调频领域受到广泛关注。本文首先从工作原理、性能特点、效率分析和经济性评估等方面介绍SCs在不同调频场景的应用潜力。其次,立足于混合系统优化和电极、电解质材料创新与构效关系两个维度,系统阐述SCs在电网调频领域的研究进展,总结分析适应高比例RES接入的新型储能技术面临的兼顾ms级动态功率响应与长周期运行稳定性的核心挑战。最后,从材料创新、混合储能及联合人工智能（AI）调度技术3个方面提出未来展望。

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	刘若婷
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	娄永兵

关键词 ：超级电容器, 电网调频, 材料创新, 混合优化

Abstract：With the grid connection of renewable energy systems (RES) with intermittency and volatility, the new energy storage technology of supercapacitors (SCs), which has a fast response speed and flexible regulation, has received extensive attention in the field of frequency regulation. In this paper, the potential of SCs for different frequency regulation scenarios in terms of operating principles, performance characteristics, efficiency analysis, and economic evaluation is firstly introduced. Furthermore, the research progress of SCs in the field of grid frequency regulation is systematically illustrated by two dimensions: the optimization of hybrid systems and innovations in electrode and electrolyte materials and structure-activity relationships. It indicates that new energy storage technologies adapted to a high proportion of RES access face the central challenge of balancing millisecond-level dynamic power response and long-term operational stability. Ultimately, prospects are proposed from three aspects: material innovation, hybrid energy storage, and joint artificial intelligence (AI) dispatching technology.

Key words： supercapacitor grid frequency regulation material innovation hybrid optimization

收稿日期: 2025-04-24

基金资助:江苏省前沿技术研发计划（BF2024039）

作者简介: 刘若婷（2002—）,女,山西省太原市人,硕士研究生,主要从事纳米能源材料方面的研究工作。

引用本文:

刘若婷, 兀鹏越, 杨恩东, 李海平, 娄永兵. 基于材料创新与混合系统优化的超级电容器在电网调频中的应用综述[J]. 电气技术, 2025, 26(9): 1-12. LIU Ruoting, WU Pengyue, YANG Endong, LI Haiping, LOU Yongbing. A review on the application of supercapacitors in grid frequency regulation based on material innovation and hybrid system optimization. Electrical Engineering, 2025, 26(9): 1-12.

链接本文:

https://dqjs.cesmedia.cn/CN/Y2025/V26/I9/1

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