Fuzzy energy management strategy for fuel cell buses based on improved particle swarm optimization
PENG Ziqi1, ZHU Zhiying1,2, XU Zheng1, YANG Pinhai1, YANG Hangdong1
1. School of Electric Power Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167; 2. Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Smart Distribution Network, Nanjing 211167
Abstract：Introducing a power battery as an auxiliary energy source in fuel cell systems can optimize power distribution and enhance overall vehicle economy. For hybrid electric vehicles equipped with both fuel cells and power batteries, conventional fuzzy energy management strategies exhibit drawbacks such as high subjectivity and poor adaptability. These limitations often lead to severe fuel cell power fluctuations and reduced lifespan. Therefore, this study proposes an improved particle swarm optimization based on fuzzy logic control to optimize the membership functions, with the objective of minimizing hydrogen consumption. A simulation model is established using the Matlab/Simulink and AVL Cruise M platforms, and simulation experiments are conducted under typical driving cycles, namely the urban bus driving cycle and the heavy-duty commercial vehicle driving cycle. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategy achieves smoother fuel cell output power, effectively reduces hydrogen consumption under both driving cycles, and improves overall vehicle economy.
2026, Vol. 27 
